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<?php
/**
* League.Uri (https://uri.thephpleague.com)
*
* (c) Ignace Nyamagana Butera <nyamsprod@gmail.com>
*
* For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
* file that was distributed with this source code.
*/
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace League\Uri;
use League\Uri\Exceptions\IdnSupportMissing;
use League\Uri\Exceptions\SyntaxError;
use function array_merge;
use function defined;
use function explode;
use function filter_var;
use function function_exists;
use function gettype;
use function idn_to_ascii;
use function implode;
use function inet_pton;
use function is_object;
use function is_scalar;
use function method_exists;
use function preg_match;
use function rawurldecode;
use function sprintf;
use function strpos;
use function substr;
use const FILTER_FLAG_IPV6;
use const FILTER_VALIDATE_IP;
use const IDNA_ERROR_BIDI;
use const IDNA_ERROR_CONTEXTJ;
use const IDNA_ERROR_DISALLOWED;
use const IDNA_ERROR_DOMAIN_NAME_TOO_LONG;
use const IDNA_ERROR_EMPTY_LABEL;
use const IDNA_ERROR_HYPHEN_3_4;
use const IDNA_ERROR_INVALID_ACE_LABEL;
use const IDNA_ERROR_LABEL_HAS_DOT;
use const IDNA_ERROR_LABEL_TOO_LONG;
use const IDNA_ERROR_LEADING_COMBINING_MARK;
use const IDNA_ERROR_LEADING_HYPHEN;
use const IDNA_ERROR_PUNYCODE;
use const IDNA_ERROR_TRAILING_HYPHEN;
use const INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46;
/**
* A class to parse a URI string according to RFC3986.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
* @package League\Uri
* @author Ignace Nyamagana Butera <nyamsprod@gmail.com>
* @since 6.0.0
*/
final class UriString
{
/**
* Default URI component values.
*/
private const URI_COMPONENTS = [
'scheme' => null, 'user' => null, 'pass' => null, 'host' => null,
'port' => null, 'path' => '', 'query' => null, 'fragment' => null,
];
/**
* Simple URI which do not need any parsing.
*/
private const URI_SCHORTCUTS = [
'' => [],
'#' => ['fragment' => ''],
'?' => ['query' => ''],
'?#' => ['query' => '', 'fragment' => ''],
'/' => ['path' => '/'],
'//' => ['host' => ''],
];
/**
* Range of invalid characters in URI string.
*/
private const REGEXP_INVALID_URI_CHARS = '/[\x00-\x1f\x7f]/';
/**
* RFC3986 regular expression URI splitter.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#appendix-B
*/
private const REGEXP_URI_PARTS = ',^
(?<scheme>(?<scontent>[^:/?\#]+):)? # URI scheme component
(?<authority>//(?<acontent>[^/?\#]*))? # URI authority part
(?<path>[^?\#]*) # URI path component
(?<query>\?(?<qcontent>[^\#]*))? # URI query component
(?<fragment>\#(?<fcontent>.*))? # URI fragment component
,x';
/**
* URI scheme regular expresssion.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.1
*/
private const REGEXP_URI_SCHEME = '/^([a-z][a-z\d\+\.\-]*)?$/i';
/**
* IPvFuture regular expression.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*/
private const REGEXP_IP_FUTURE = '/^
v(?<version>[A-F0-9])+\.
(?:
(?<unreserved>[a-z0-9_~\-\.])|
(?<sub_delims>[!$&\'()*+,;=:]) # also include the : character
)+
$/ix';
/**
* General registered name regular expression.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*/
private const REGEXP_REGISTERED_NAME = '/(?(DEFINE)
(?<unreserved>[a-z0-9_~\-]) # . is missing as it is used to separate labels
(?<sub_delims>[!$&\'()*+,;=])
(?<encoded>%[A-F0-9]{2})
(?<reg_name>(?:(?&unreserved)|(?&sub_delims)|(?&encoded))*)
)
^(?:(?®_name)\.)*(?®_name)\.?$/ix';
/**
* Invalid characters in host regular expression.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*/
private const REGEXP_INVALID_HOST_CHARS = '/
[:\/?#\[\]@ ] # gen-delims characters as well as the space character
/ix';
/**
* Invalid path for URI without scheme and authority regular expression.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.3
*/
private const REGEXP_INVALID_PATH = ',^(([^/]*):)(.*)?/,';
/**
* Host and Port splitter regular expression.
*/
private const REGEXP_HOST_PORT = ',^(?<host>\[.*\]|[^:]*)(:(?<port>.*))?$,';
/**
* IDN Host detector regular expression.
*/
private const REGEXP_IDN_PATTERN = '/[^\x20-\x7f]/';
/**
* Only the address block fe80::/10 can have a Zone ID attach to
* let's detect the link local significant 10 bits.
*/
private const ZONE_ID_ADDRESS_BLOCK = "\xfe\x80";
/**
* Generate an URI string representation from its parsed representation
* returned by League\Uri\parse() or PHP's parse_url.
*
* If you supply your own array, you are responsible for providing
* valid components without their URI delimiters.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.3
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-7.5
*
* @param array{
* scheme:?string,
* user:?string,
* pass:?string,
* host:?string,
* port:?int,
* path:string,
* query:?string,
* fragment:?string
* } $components
*/
public static function build(array $components): string
{
$result = $components['path'] ?? '';
if (isset($components['query'])) {
$result .= '?'.$components['query'];
}
if (isset($components['fragment'])) {
$result .= '#'.$components['fragment'];
}
$scheme = null;
if (isset($components['scheme'])) {
$scheme = $components['scheme'].':';
}
if (!isset($components['host'])) {
return $scheme.$result;
}
$scheme .= '//';
$authority = $components['host'];
if (isset($components['port'])) {
$authority .= ':'.$components['port'];
}
if (!isset($components['user'])) {
return $scheme.$authority.$result;
}
$authority = '@'.$authority;
if (!isset($components['pass'])) {
return $scheme.$components['user'].$authority.$result;
}
return $scheme.$components['user'].':'.$components['pass'].$authority.$result;
}
/**
* Parse an URI string into its components.
*
* This method parses a URI and returns an associative array containing any
* of the various components of the URI that are present.
*
* <code>
* $components = (new Parser())->parse('http://foo@test.example.com:42?query#');
* var_export($components);
* //will display
* array(
* 'scheme' => 'http', // the URI scheme component
* 'user' => 'foo', // the URI user component
* 'pass' => null, // the URI pass component
* 'host' => 'test.example.com', // the URI host component
* 'port' => 42, // the URI port component
* 'path' => '', // the URI path component
* 'query' => 'query', // the URI query component
* 'fragment' => '', // the URI fragment component
* );
* </code>
*
* The returned array is similar to PHP's parse_url return value with the following
* differences:
*
* <ul>
* <li>All components are always present in the returned array</li>
* <li>Empty and undefined component are treated differently. And empty component is
* set to the empty string while an undefined component is set to the `null` value.</li>
* <li>The path component is never undefined</li>
* <li>The method parses the URI following the RFC3986 rules but you are still
* required to validate the returned components against its related scheme specific rules.</li>
* </ul>
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
*
* @param mixed $uri any scalar or stringable object
*
* @throws SyntaxError if the URI contains invalid characters
* @throws SyntaxError if the URI contains an invalid scheme
* @throws SyntaxError if the URI contains an invalid path
*
* @return array{
* scheme:?string,
* user:?string,
* pass:?string,
* host:?string,
* port:?int,
* path:string,
* query:?string,
* fragment:?string
* }
*/
public static function parse($uri): array
{
if (is_object($uri) && method_exists($uri, '__toString')) {
$uri = (string) $uri;
}
if (!is_scalar($uri)) {
throw new \TypeError(sprintf('The uri must be a scalar or a stringable object `%s` given', gettype($uri)));
}
$uri = (string) $uri;
if (isset(self::URI_SCHORTCUTS[$uri])) {
/** @var array{scheme:?string, user:?string, pass:?string, host:?string, port:?int, path:string, query:?string, fragment:?string} $components */
$components = array_merge(self::URI_COMPONENTS, self::URI_SCHORTCUTS[$uri]);
return $components;
}
if (1 === preg_match(self::REGEXP_INVALID_URI_CHARS, $uri)) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('The uri `%s` contains invalid characters', $uri));
}
//if the first character is a known URI delimiter parsing can be simplified
$first_char = $uri[0];
//The URI is made of the fragment only
if ('#' === $first_char) {
[, $fragment] = explode('#', $uri, 2);
$components = self::URI_COMPONENTS;
$components['fragment'] = $fragment;
return $components;
}
//The URI is made of the query and fragment
if ('?' === $first_char) {
[, $partial] = explode('?', $uri, 2);
[$query, $fragment] = explode('#', $partial, 2) + [1 => null];
$components = self::URI_COMPONENTS;
$components['query'] = $query;
$components['fragment'] = $fragment;
return $components;
}
//use RFC3986 URI regexp to split the URI
preg_match(self::REGEXP_URI_PARTS, $uri, $parts);
$parts += ['query' => '', 'fragment' => ''];
if (':' === $parts['scheme'] || 1 !== preg_match(self::REGEXP_URI_SCHEME, $parts['scontent'])) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('The uri `%s` contains an invalid scheme', $uri));
}
if ('' === $parts['scheme'].$parts['authority'] && 1 === preg_match(self::REGEXP_INVALID_PATH, $parts['path'])) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('The uri `%s` contains an invalid path.', $uri));
}
/** @var array{scheme:?string, user:?string, pass:?string, host:?string, port:?int, path:string, query:?string, fragment:?string} $components */
$components = array_merge(
self::URI_COMPONENTS,
'' === $parts['authority'] ? [] : self::parseAuthority($parts['acontent']),
[
'path' => $parts['path'],
'scheme' => '' === $parts['scheme'] ? null : $parts['scontent'],
'query' => '' === $parts['query'] ? null : $parts['qcontent'],
'fragment' => '' === $parts['fragment'] ? null : $parts['fcontent'],
]
);
return $components;
}
/**
* Parses the URI authority part.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2
*
* @throws SyntaxError If the port component is invalid
*
* @return array{user:?string, pass:?string, host:?string, port:?int}
*/
private static function parseAuthority(string $authority): array
{
$components = ['user' => null, 'pass' => null, 'host' => '', 'port' => null];
if ('' === $authority) {
return $components;
}
$parts = explode('@', $authority, 2);
if (isset($parts[1])) {
[$components['user'], $components['pass']] = explode(':', $parts[0], 2) + [1 => null];
}
preg_match(self::REGEXP_HOST_PORT, $parts[1] ?? $parts[0], $matches);
$matches += ['port' => ''];
$components['port'] = self::filterPort($matches['port']);
$components['host'] = self::filterHost($matches['host']);
return $components;
}
/**
* Filter and format the port component.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*
* @throws SyntaxError if the registered name is invalid
*/
private static function filterPort(string $port): ?int
{
if ('' === $port) {
return null;
}
if (1 === preg_match('/^\d*$/', $port)) {
return (int) $port;
}
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('The port `%s` is invalid', $port));
}
/**
* Returns whether a hostname is valid.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*
* @throws SyntaxError if the registered name is invalid
*/
private static function filterHost(string $host): string
{
if ('' === $host) {
return $host;
}
if ('[' !== $host[0] || ']' !== substr($host, -1)) {
return self::filterRegisteredName($host);
}
if (!self::isIpHost(substr($host, 1, -1))) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('Host `%s` is invalid : the IP host is malformed', $host));
}
return $host;
}
/**
* Returns whether the host is an IPv4 or a registered named.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
*
* @throws SyntaxError if the registered name is invalid
* @throws IdnSupportMissing if IDN support or ICU requirement are not available or met.
*/
private static function filterRegisteredName(string $host): string
{
// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
// added because it is not possible in travis to disabled the ext/intl extension
// see travis issue https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/4701
static $idn_support = null;
$idn_support = $idn_support ?? function_exists('idn_to_ascii') && defined('INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46');
// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
$formatted_host = rawurldecode($host);
if (1 === preg_match(self::REGEXP_REGISTERED_NAME, $formatted_host)) {
if (false === strpos($formatted_host, 'xn--')) {
return $host;
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
if (!$idn_support) {
throw new IdnSupportMissing(sprintf('the host `%s` could not be processed for IDN. Verify that ext/intl is installed for IDN support and that ICU is at least version 4.6.', $host));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
$unicode = idn_to_utf8($host, 0, INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46, $arr);
if (0 !== $arr['errors']) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('The host `%s` is invalid : %s', $host, self::getIDNAErrors($arr['errors'])));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
if (false === $unicode) {
throw new IdnSupportMissing(sprintf('The Intl extension is misconfigured for %s, please correct this issue before proceeding.', PHP_OS));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
return $host;
}
//to test IDN host non-ascii characters must be present in the host
if (1 !== preg_match(self::REGEXP_IDN_PATTERN, $formatted_host)) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('Host `%s` is invalid : the host is not a valid registered name', $host));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
if (!$idn_support) {
throw new IdnSupportMissing(sprintf('the host `%s` could not be processed for IDN. Verify that ext/intl is installed for IDN support and that ICU is at least version 4.6.', $host));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
$retval = idn_to_ascii($formatted_host, 0, INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46, $arr);
if ([] === $arr) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('Host `%s` is not a valid IDN host', $host));
}
if (0 !== $arr['errors']) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('Host `%s` is not a valid IDN host : %s', $host, self::getIDNAErrors($arr['errors'])));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
if (false === $retval) {
throw new IdnSupportMissing(sprintf('The Intl extension is misconfigured for %s, please correct this issue before proceeding.', PHP_OS));
}
// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
if (false !== strpos($retval, '%')) {
throw new SyntaxError(sprintf('Host `%s` is invalid : the host is not a valid registered name', $host));
}
return $host;
}
/**
* Retrieves and format IDNA conversion error message.
*
* @link http://icu-project.org/apiref/icu4j/com/ibm/icu/text/IDNA.Error.html
*/
private static function getIDNAErrors(int $error_byte): string
{
/**
* IDNA errors.
*/
static $idn_errors = [
IDNA_ERROR_EMPTY_LABEL => 'a non-final domain name label (or the whole domain name) is empty',
IDNA_ERROR_LABEL_TOO_LONG => 'a domain name label is longer than 63 bytes',
IDNA_ERROR_DOMAIN_NAME_TOO_LONG => 'a domain name is longer than 255 bytes in its storage form',
IDNA_ERROR_LEADING_HYPHEN => 'a label starts with a hyphen-minus ("-")',
IDNA_ERROR_TRAILING_HYPHEN => 'a label ends with a hyphen-minus ("-")',
IDNA_ERROR_HYPHEN_3_4 => 'a label contains hyphen-minus ("-") in the third and fourth positions',
IDNA_ERROR_LEADING_COMBINING_MARK => 'a label starts with a combining mark',
IDNA_ERROR_DISALLOWED => 'a label or domain name contains disallowed characters',
IDNA_ERROR_PUNYCODE => 'a label starts with "xn--" but does not contain valid Punycode',
IDNA_ERROR_LABEL_HAS_DOT => 'a label contains a dot=full stop',
IDNA_ERROR_INVALID_ACE_LABEL => 'An ACE label does not contain a valid label string',
IDNA_ERROR_BIDI => 'a label does not meet the IDNA BiDi requirements (for right-to-left characters)',
IDNA_ERROR_CONTEXTJ => 'a label does not meet the IDNA CONTEXTJ requirements',
];
$res = [];
foreach ($idn_errors as $error => $reason) {
if ($error === ($error_byte & $error)) {
$res[] = $reason;
}
}
return [] === $res ? 'Unknown IDNA conversion error.' : implode(', ', $res).'.';
}
/**
* Validates a IPv6/IPvfuture host.
*
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6874#section-2
* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6874#section-4
*/
private static function isIpHost(string $ip_host): bool
{
if (false !== filter_var($ip_host, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6)) {
return true;
}
if (1 === preg_match(self::REGEXP_IP_FUTURE, $ip_host, $matches)) {
return !in_array($matches['version'], ['4', '6'], true);
}
$pos = strpos($ip_host, '%');
if (false === $pos || 1 === preg_match(
self::REGEXP_INVALID_HOST_CHARS,
rawurldecode(substr($ip_host, $pos))
)) {
return false;
}
$ip_host = substr($ip_host, 0, $pos);
return false !== filter_var($ip_host, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6)
&& 0 === strpos((string) inet_pton($ip_host), self::ZONE_ID_ADDRESS_BLOCK);
}
}
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