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<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace PhpMyAdmin\SqlParser;
use PhpMyAdmin\SqlParser\Exceptions\ParserException;
use PhpMyAdmin\SqlParser\Statements\SelectStatement;
use PhpMyAdmin\SqlParser\Statements\TransactionStatement;
use function is_string;
use function strtoupper;
/**
* Defines the parser of the library.
*
* This is one of the most important components, along with the lexer.
*
* Takes multiple tokens (contained in a Lexer instance) as input and builds a parse tree.
*/
class Parser extends Core
{
/**
* Array of classes that are used in parsing the SQL statements.
*
* @var array<string, string>
*/
public static $STATEMENT_PARSERS = [
// MySQL Utility Statements
'DESCRIBE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ExplainStatement',
'DESC' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ExplainStatement',
'EXPLAIN' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ExplainStatement',
'FLUSH' => '',
'GRANT' => '',
'HELP' => '',
'SET PASSWORD' => '',
'STATUS' => '',
'USE' => '',
// Table Maintenance Statements
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/table-maintenance-sql.html
'ANALYZE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\AnalyzeStatement',
'BACKUP' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\BackupStatement',
'CHECK' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\CheckStatement',
'CHECKSUM' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ChecksumStatement',
'OPTIMIZE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\OptimizeStatement',
'REPAIR' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\RepairStatement',
'RESTORE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\RestoreStatement',
// Database Administration Statements
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-syntax-server-administration.html
'SET' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\SetStatement',
'SHOW' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ShowStatement',
// Data Definition Statements.
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-syntax-data-definition.html
'ALTER' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\AlterStatement',
'CREATE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\CreateStatement',
'DROP' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\DropStatement',
'RENAME' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\RenameStatement',
'TRUNCATE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\TruncateStatement',
// Data Manipulation Statements.
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-syntax-data-manipulation.html
'CALL' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\CallStatement',
'DELETE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\DeleteStatement',
'DO' => '',
'HANDLER' => '',
'INSERT' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\InsertStatement',
'LOAD DATA' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\LoadStatement',
'REPLACE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\ReplaceStatement',
'SELECT' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\SelectStatement',
'UPDATE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\UpdateStatement',
'WITH' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\WithStatement',
// Prepared Statements.
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-syntax-prepared-statements.html
'DEALLOCATE' => '',
'EXECUTE' => '',
'PREPARE' => '',
// Transactional and Locking Statements
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/commit.html
'BEGIN' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\TransactionStatement',
'COMMIT' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\TransactionStatement',
'ROLLBACK' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\TransactionStatement',
'START TRANSACTION' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\TransactionStatement',
'PURGE' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\PurgeStatement',
// Lock statements
// https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/lock-tables.html
'LOCK' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\LockStatement',
'UNLOCK' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Statements\\LockStatement',
];
/**
* Array of classes that are used in parsing SQL components.
*
* @var array<string, array<string, string|array<string, string>>>
* @psalm-var array<string, array{class?: string, field?: non-empty-string, options?: array<string, string>}>
*/
public static $KEYWORD_PARSERS = [
// This is not a proper keyword and was added here to help the
// formatter.
'PARTITION BY' => [],
'SUBPARTITION BY' => [],
// This is not a proper keyword and was added here to help the
// builder.
'_OPTIONS' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\OptionsArray',
'field' => 'options',
],
'_END_OPTIONS' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\OptionsArray',
'field' => 'end_options',
],
'INTERSECT' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\UnionKeyword',
'field' => 'union',
],
'EXCEPT' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\UnionKeyword',
'field' => 'union',
],
'UNION' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\UnionKeyword',
'field' => 'union',
],
'UNION ALL' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\UnionKeyword',
'field' => 'union',
],
'UNION DISTINCT' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\UnionKeyword',
'field' => 'union',
],
// Actual clause parsers.
'ALTER' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Expression',
'field' => 'table',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'ANALYZE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'BACKUP' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'CALL' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\FunctionCall',
'field' => 'call',
],
'CHECK' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'CHECKSUM' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'CROSS JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'DROP' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'fields',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'FORCE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\IndexHint',
'field' => 'index_hints',
],
'FROM' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'from',
'options' => ['field' => 'table'],
],
'GROUP BY' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\GroupKeyword',
'field' => 'group',
],
'HAVING' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Condition',
'field' => 'having',
],
'IGNORE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\IndexHint',
'field' => 'index_hints',
],
'INTO' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\IntoKeyword',
'field' => 'into',
],
'JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'LEFT JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'LEFT OUTER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'ON' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Expression',
'field' => 'table',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'RIGHT JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'RIGHT OUTER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'INNER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'FULL JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'FULL OUTER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'NATURAL JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'NATURAL LEFT JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'NATURAL RIGHT JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'NATURAL LEFT OUTER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'NATURAL RIGHT OUTER JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'STRAIGHT_JOIN' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\JoinKeyword',
'field' => 'join',
],
'LIMIT' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Limit',
'field' => 'limit',
],
'OPTIMIZE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'ORDER BY' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\OrderKeyword',
'field' => 'order',
],
'PARTITION' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ArrayObj',
'field' => 'partition',
],
'PROCEDURE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\FunctionCall',
'field' => 'procedure',
],
'RENAME' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\RenameOperation',
'field' => 'renames',
],
'REPAIR' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'RESTORE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'SET' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\SetOperation',
'field' => 'set',
],
'SELECT' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'expr',
],
'TRUNCATE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Expression',
'field' => 'table',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'UPDATE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\ExpressionArray',
'field' => 'tables',
'options' => ['parseField' => 'table'],
],
'USE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\IndexHint',
'field' => 'index_hints',
],
'VALUE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Array2d',
'field' => 'values',
],
'VALUES' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Array2d',
'field' => 'values',
],
'WHERE' => [
'class' => 'PhpMyAdmin\\SqlParser\\Components\\Condition',
'field' => 'where',
],
];
/**
* The list of tokens that are parsed.
*
* @var TokensList|null
*/
public $list;
/**
* List of statements parsed.
*
* @var Statement[]
*/
public $statements = [];
/**
* The number of opened brackets.
*
* @var int
*/
public $brackets = 0;
/**
* @param string|UtfString|TokensList|null $list the list of tokens to be parsed
* @param bool $strict whether strict mode should be enabled or not
*/
public function __construct($list = null, $strict = false)
{
if (is_string($list) || ($list instanceof UtfString)) {
$lexer = new Lexer($list, $strict);
$this->list = $lexer->list;
} elseif ($list instanceof TokensList) {
$this->list = $list;
}
$this->strict = $strict;
if ($list === null) {
return;
}
$this->parse();
}
/**
* Builds the parse trees.
*
* @return void
*
* @throws ParserException
*/
public function parse()
{
/**
* Last transaction.
*
* @var TransactionStatement
*/
$lastTransaction = null;
/**
* Last parsed statement.
*
* @var Statement
*/
$lastStatement = null;
/**
* Union's type or false for no union.
*
* @var bool|string
*/
$unionType = false;
/**
* The index of the last token from the last statement.
*
* @var int
*/
$prevLastIdx = -1;
/**
* The list of tokens.
*/
$list = &$this->list;
for (; $list->idx < $list->count; ++$list->idx) {
/**
* Token parsed at this moment.
*/
$token = $list->tokens[$list->idx];
// `DELIMITER` is not an actual statement and it requires
// special handling.
if (($token->type === Token::TYPE_NONE) && (strtoupper($token->token) === 'DELIMITER')) {
// Skipping to the end of this statement.
$list->getNextOfType(Token::TYPE_DELIMITER);
$prevLastIdx = $list->idx;
continue;
}
// Counting the brackets around statements.
if ($token->value === '(') {
++$this->brackets;
continue;
}
// Statements can start with keywords only.
// Comments, whitespaces, etc. are ignored.
if ($token->type !== Token::TYPE_KEYWORD) {
if (
($token->type !== Token::TYPE_COMMENT)
&& ($token->type !== Token::TYPE_WHITESPACE)
&& ($token->type !== Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) // `(` and `)`
&& ($token->type !== Token::TYPE_DELIMITER)
) {
$this->error('Unexpected beginning of statement.', $token);
}
continue;
}
if (
($token->keyword === 'UNION') ||
($token->keyword === 'UNION ALL') ||
($token->keyword === 'UNION DISTINCT') ||
($token->keyword === 'EXCEPT') ||
($token->keyword === 'INTERSECT')
) {
$unionType = $token->keyword;
continue;
}
$lastIdx = $list->idx;
$statementName = null;
if ($token->keyword === 'ANALYZE') {
++$list->idx; // Skip ANALYZE
$first = $list->getNextOfType(Token::TYPE_KEYWORD);
$second = $list->getNextOfType(Token::TYPE_KEYWORD);
// ANALYZE keyword can be an indication of two cases:
// 1 - ANALYZE TABLE statements, in both MariaDB and MySQL
// 2 - Explain statement, in case of MariaDB https://mariadb.com/kb/en/explain-analyze/
// We need to point case 2 to use the EXPLAIN Parser.
$statementName = 'EXPLAIN';
if (($first && $first->keyword === 'TABLE') || ($second && $second->keyword === 'TABLE')) {
$statementName = 'ANALYZE';
}
$list->idx = $lastIdx;
} else {
// Checking if it is a known statement that can be parsed.
if (empty(static::$STATEMENT_PARSERS[$token->keyword])) {
if (! isset(static::$STATEMENT_PARSERS[$token->keyword])) {
// A statement is considered recognized if the parser
// is aware that it is a statement, but it does not have
// a parser for it yet.
$this->error('Unrecognized statement type.', $token);
}
// Skipping to the end of this statement.
$list->getNextOfType(Token::TYPE_DELIMITER);
$prevLastIdx = $list->idx;
continue;
}
}
/**
* The name of the class that is used for parsing.
*
* @var string
*/
$class = static::$STATEMENT_PARSERS[$statementName ?? $token->keyword];
/**
* Processed statement.
*
* @var Statement
*/
$statement = new $class($this, $this->list);
// The first token that is a part of this token is the next token
// unprocessed by the previous statement.
// There might be brackets around statements and this shouldn't
// affect the parser
$statement->first = $prevLastIdx + 1;
// Storing the index of the last token parsed and updating the old
// index.
$statement->last = $list->idx;
$prevLastIdx = $list->idx;
// Handles unions.
if (
! empty($unionType)
&& ($lastStatement instanceof SelectStatement)
&& ($statement instanceof SelectStatement)
) {
/*
* This SELECT statement.
*
* @var SelectStatement $statement
*/
/*
* Last SELECT statement.
*
* @var SelectStatement $lastStatement
*/
$lastStatement->union[] = [
$unionType,
$statement,
];
// if there are no no delimiting brackets, the `ORDER` and
// `LIMIT` keywords actually belong to the first statement.
$lastStatement->order = $statement->order;
$lastStatement->limit = $statement->limit;
$statement->order = [];
$statement->limit = null;
// The statement actually ends where the last statement in
// union ends.
$lastStatement->last = $statement->last;
$unionType = false;
// Validate clause order
$statement->validateClauseOrder($this, $list);
continue;
}
// Handles transactions.
if ($statement instanceof TransactionStatement) {
/*
* @var TransactionStatement
*/
if ($statement->type === TransactionStatement::TYPE_BEGIN) {
$lastTransaction = $statement;
$this->statements[] = $statement;
} elseif ($statement->type === TransactionStatement::TYPE_END) {
if ($lastTransaction === null) {
// Even though an error occurred, the query is being
// saved.
$this->statements[] = $statement;
$this->error('No transaction was previously started.', $token);
} else {
$lastTransaction->end = $statement;
}
$lastTransaction = null;
}
// Validate clause order
$statement->validateClauseOrder($this, $list);
continue;
}
// Validate clause order
$statement->validateClauseOrder($this, $list);
// Finally, storing the statement.
if ($lastTransaction !== null) {
$lastTransaction->statements[] = $statement;
} else {
$this->statements[] = $statement;
}
$lastStatement = $statement;
}
}
/**
* Creates a new error log.
*
* @param string $msg the error message
* @param Token $token the token that produced the error
* @param int $code the code of the error
*
* @return void
*
* @throws ParserException throws the exception, if strict mode is enabled.
*/
public function error($msg, ?Token $token = null, $code = 0)
{
$error = new ParserException(
Translator::gettext($msg),
$token,
$code
);
parent::error($error);
}
}
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